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Making Chrome QUICer

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Making Chrome QUICer

In October 2020, Chrome enabled HTTP/3 by default. HTTP/3 (RFC 9114) runs over IETF QUIC (RFC9000). Default-enabling HTTP/3 in Chrome resulted in improved performance compared not only HTTP/1 and HTTP/2, but also Google QUIC. Benefits included reduced Google search latency and fewer rebuffers for YouTube.

The journey to optimizing performance did not end when HTTP/3 was default enabled. Recent advancements include the implementation of the HTTP/3 ORIGIN frame (RFC 9412) and Server’s Preferred Address (RFC 9000 Section 9.6). The former enhances connection coalescing, while the latter reduces a connection’s round trip time (RTT). Both features have been enabled by default in M131, which was released to Stable on 11/19.

ORIGIN Frame

When a connection is established for a specific hostname, the server’s certificate typically contains numerous other hostnames for which the server is authoritative. However, a client cannot immediately send requests for those other hostnames on that connection without first performing a DNS lookup for the other hostname and verifying that the IP address of the connection matches the resolved address. This additional DNS resolution introduces latency and significantly reduces the likelihood of connection pooling due to potential IP mismatches. The metrics from Chrome indicate that nearly 20% of HTTP/3 connections would be unnecessary if not for this IP mismatch.

Creating a new connection, even with QUIC 0-RTT, is expensive in terms of latency, memory, and CPU usage. This is because:

  • DNS resolution adds latency unless cached locally in Chrome’s DNS cache.
  • Both client and server must send multiple packets to complete a QUIC handshake.
  • TLS necessitates CPU-intensive asymmetric cryptography on both ends.
  • The congestion controller begins in its default state, potentially leading to under or over-sending.
  • 0-RTT might fail.
  • Non-safe requests aren’t sent via 0-RTT.
  • More connections consume more memory.

Additionally, features like HTTP priorities (RFC 9218) are only effective if there are multiple simultaneous responses to send.

The HTTP/3 ORIGIN Frame (RFC 9412) enables a server to indicate what domains it would like to pool onto a connection. Additionally, once the frame is received, it indicates other domains should not be pooled onto that connection, even if they are in the certificate.

Server’s Preferred Address

In some cases, the initial server address to which the client connects is not the most efficient route. It might be behind an L4 load balancer, and connecting directly could increase stability. Particularly when using Anycast, it’s possible the server is distant from where traffic enters the network, creating a 3-legged path that increases the round trip time.

Making Chrome QUICer

Once the handshake is confirmed, Server’s Preferred Address allows a server to indicate it would like the client to migrate to a different server IP. Though a QUIC connection is not bound to a single 4-tuple like TCP, this is the only type of migration in RFC9000 where the server can change its address.

So far, only Google’s Media CDN has widely enabled advertising an alternative address, but we expect more servers to adopt it soon. Testing has shown that this migration is successful over 99% of the time in Chrome and reduces average RTT by 40-80%.

Posted by Fan Yang and Ian Swett

Fedora proposes dropping Atomic desktops for PPC64LE

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Fedora is proposing to stop building their Atomic desktop versions for PPC64LE. PopwerPC 64 LE basically comes down to IBM’s POWER architecture, and as far as desktop use goes, that exclusively means the POWER9 machines from Raptor Computing Systems. I reviewed their small single-socket Blackbird machine in 2021, and I also have their dual-socket Talos II workstation. I can tell you from experience that nobody who owns one of these is opting for an immutable Fedora variant, and on top of that, these machines are getting long in the tooth. Raptor passed on POWER10 because it required proprietary firmware, so we’ve been without new machines for years now. As such, it makes sense for Fedora to stop building Atomic desktops for this architecture. We will stop building the Fedora Atomic Desktops for the PowerPC 64 LE architecture. According to the count me statistics, we don’t have any Atomic Desktops users on PPC64LE. Users of Atomic Desktops on PPC64LE will have to either switch back to a Fedora package mode installation or build their own images using Bootable Containers which are available for PPC64LE. ↫ Timothée Ravier I’ve never written much about the Talos II, surmising that most of my Blackbird review applies to the Talos II, as well. If there’s interest, I can check to see what the current state of Fedora and/or other distributions on POWER9 is, and write a short review about the experience. I honestly don’t know if there’s much interest at this point in POWER9, but if there is, here’s your chance to get your questions answered.

Ballistic: Das steckt im neuen Fortnite-Modus

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Im Rahmen unseres FYNG-Events 2025 haben wir 30 Minuten den Fortnite-Ballistic-Modus unter die Lupe genommen. Ballistic ist ein taktischer und adrenalingeladener 5v5-Shooter-Modus in Fortnite, der erstmals eine First-Person-Perspektive bietet und auf strategisches Teamplay setzt.

Zum Early Access ist die Karte „Skyline 10“ spielbar, begleitet von einer begrenzten Auswahl an Waffen und Gegenständen. Der Modus kommt ohne das Bauen aus und unterstützt die meisten gespeicherten Looks aus dem Spind, darunter Outfits, Lackierungen und Emotes. Zukünftige Updates bringen basierend auf Spieler-Feedback neue Karten, Waffen und Features.

Schaut euch hier im Video auch unsere Reaktion auf Kapitel 6 – Saison 1 und den OG-Modus an und seht selbst, wie sich unser Paul im Ballistic -Modus schlägt.

Unique Railway Gate: Pattukottai to Karaikudi

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Have you ever seen a railway gate like this before? Watch this unique and interesting railway gate experience on the Pattukottai to Karaikudi route. A fascinating glimpse into something truly extraordinary in the world of railways! Don’t miss it – watch till the end!

Rail Gate keeper closing down the Rail Gate
Railway gates should be crossed carefully while moving #viralpost #viral #shortsviral
Old Railgate || Railgate Closed Down || Train Video 🚂|| #railgate #railway #train #shorts #viralsong
Rail fatak । Railroad Crossing । Indian railway । Railroad gate #shorts #railfatak #youtubeshorts
Rail Gate Closing #shortsvideo
Indian Rail gate Crossing#viral#shorts#railgate#railfatak
Gate man struggling to close the Rail gate #shorts #indianrailways #levelcrossing
Rajdhani Express Thrashes a Railroad Level Crossing
Why India Built This Impossible Railway Line
Ghodasar Railway Crossing, Ahmedabad
Struggling LC Gate Non Stop Siren ! Waiting People at Level Crossing
Rail Gate Closing Video #shorts #indianrailways #levelcrossing #railgate
Auto Stucked at Railway gate when gate opened #shorts #indianrailways #railwaygate
#LCGate #RailGate #IndianRailways EOLB – Normal Working Condition Of Inter Locked LC Gate
Best Science Project In Low Budget 🤗 इससे अच्छा आईडिया कोई नहीं #science #exhibition
Closing level crossing before come train🚂 #levelcrossing #railway #gate #ytshorts
A rural Indian railway gate in Kerala,full HD,
Railway crossing gate operating system
Express Train VS Railway Gate
Rail gate crossing #shortsvideo
Ladies as Railway Gate Keepers in Kumari Mavattam – Dinamalar Sep 17th News
Rail fatak । Level croasing । Indian railgate । train gate #train #shorts #viral #railgate
Railgate Crossing #shortsvideos
Indian Railways Digital Rail Gate
Automatic Railway Gate Control Project using Arduino
Reopen railgate । Railroad crossing । Rail fatak । train videos #railway #shorts @RailwayRITAM
Old Railgate || Railgate Closed Down || Train Video 🚂|| #railgate #railway #train #shorts #viralvideos
railway guard training !! how train stopped by gurad #shorts #like #indianrailways

Ajith Kumar’s Love for Bike Racing: Manju Warrier Opens Up 🏁💬

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Manju Warrier talks about Thala Ajith Kumar’s undying passion for bike racing and their experiences together. 🏍️✨ From his dedication to his thrilling adventures on two wheels, Manju shares her thoughts on what makes Ajith Kumar a true bike enthusiast and superstar both on and off the screen. 💯

Don’t forget to like, share, and subscribe for more exclusive celebrity insights and stories! 🎥

#AjithKumar #ManjuWarrier #BikeRacing #ThalaAjith #Kollywood #CelebrityTalks

Talking Drupal: Talking Drupal #480 – Ripple Makers

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Today we are talking about The Ripple Makers program, How it benefits Drupal Association members, and Why it’s important to Drupal with guest Julia Kranzthor. We’ll also cover Migrate Boost as our module of the week.

For show notes visit: https://www.talkingDrupal.com/480

Topics

  • What is Ripple Makers
    • Taxes
  • Why did the Drupal Association (DA) membership program need overhauling
  • Are DA individual memberships different than Ripple Makers
  • Do people have to sign up if they are already a DA member
  • Coming up with the benefits
  • Where did the name come from
  • Does this have new benefits
  • What has the impact been

Resources

Guests

Julia Kranzthor – JR_KThor

Hosts

Nic Laflin – nLighteneddevelopment.com nicxvan John Picozzi – epam.com johnpicozzi Suzanne Dergacheva – evolvingweb.com pixelite

MOTW Correspondent

Martin Anderson-Clutz – mandclu.com mandclu

  • Brief description:
    • Have you ever wanted to disable hooks to accelerate your Drupal migration? There’s a module for that.
  • Module name/project name:
  • Brief history
    • How old: created in Sep 2023 by our own Nic Laflin
    • Versions available: 1.0.1, compatible with Drupal 10 and 11
  • Maintainership
    • Actively maintained
    • Security coverage
    • Documentation README / project page have instructions
    • Number of open issues: none!
  • Usage stats:
    • 119 sites
  • Module features and usage
    • Having hooks fire during a migration can significantly slow down the process, and what’s worse, it can also cause some significant problems, for example sending email notifications every time a node is created
    • You disable hooks by defining an array in your settings.php file, either an array of specific hooks you want to disable, or an array of modules for which you want to disable all hooks
    • This was a capability available for the Drupal 7 Migrate module, but hasn’t been available in the Migrate API in Drupal core since version 8, so this module can be invaluable if you’re working on a sizable migration
    • Hopefully there are a lot of folks working on migrations ahead of the January 5 EOL for Drupal 7, so I thought this module would be timely